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Dum Dum was sparsely populated before the British came. The area was slightly elevated. On 6 February 1757, an accord was signed at Dum Dum by the Nawab of Bengal to allow the British to build forts at Calcutta, Dacca and Kashim Bazar. In 1783 a cantonment was established at Dum Dum. Military barracks were built and civilians started coming in to provide essential services to the military personnel. A Cantonment Board was formed to provide civic amenities. The ordnance factory was established at Dum Dum in 1846. It may be noted that both North Dumdum municipality and South Dumdum municipality were established in 1870 thereby somewhat defining administratively the different parts of an earlier undefined Dum Dum "area".

Dum Dum was a separate subdivision for a short period. (See Barrackpore subdivision#History for more information). During the early years of the cantonment the British waged several imperial wars, out of which the wars in Burma, Nepal, the Deccan and Afganisthan were costly in blood and lives. Two monuments were erected to commemorate their memory. During the 1857 disturbances the Indian sepoys posted at Dum Dum were affected, and Mangal Pandey was hanged from a tree at Dum Dum cantonment (he/ his dead body was probably hanged at both Barrackpore and Dum Dum). Dum Dum cantonment was closed down and the Cantonment Board was replaced by Dum Dum Municipality in 1929. The temporary set back to Dum Dum arising from abolition of the cantonment and departure of British troops, was partially made up with the shifting of Jessop & Co. from Howrah to Dum Dum in 1928 and establishment of the Gramophone Company at Dum Dum in 1929. Bengal Flying Club, established in 1920, had a small fleet of single engine moth planes. The independence movement led to the sudden development of the Central Jail, where many top leaders and more numerous unknown patriots were lodged. The old military barracks made way for multi-storied jail barracks. The environment quite often reverberated with the chanting of ''Vande Mataram''. In the initial stages bulk of the refugees were non-agriculturists. A few of them made their own arrangements, but "it was squatters who made the East Bengali refugees famous

infamous." Squatting (''jabardakhal'' in Bengali) ranged from the forcible occupation of barracks to the collective take-over of private, government and waste land. "This happened as early as 1948 with middle class refugees in the Jadavpur#History area: first on government land and then on private property, leading to violent clashes. Having won the battle, the elated squatters named their colony ‘Bijaygarh’, the Fort of Victory." By 1949, there were 40 such colonies in Jadavpur, Kasba, Santoshpur, Garia and Behala, in the south-eastern part of the city, and 65 in the Dum Dum and Panihati zone in the north. Subsequently squatters colonies also came up along the west bank of the Hooghly and by 1950, there were 150 such colonies. It has to be borne in mind that the squatters were in a way "self-settlers" in the absence of adequate official arrangements for rehabilitation. Within a very short time the refugees (quite often with government/ administrative support) not only found a place to stay but developed a society with markets, schools, temples and sometimes even colleges, hospitals and recreational centres. Efforts have been made in more recent years to regularise land/property rights in the refugee colonies.

Dum Dum is bounded by North Dumdum (municipality) on the north and a part of the west, Rajarhat (community development block) CD Block on the east, and South Dumdum (municipality) on the south and a part of the west.

96% of the population of Barrackpore subdivision (partly presented in the map alongside, all places marked on the map are linked in the full screen map) lives in urban areas. In 2011, it had a density of population of 10,967 per km² The subdivision has 16 municipalities and 24 census towns.

For most of the cities/ towns information regarding density of population is available in the Infobox. Population data is not available for neighbourhoods. It is available for the entire municipal area and thereafter ward-wise.

"Dum Dum police station" under Barrackpore Police Commissionerate has jurisdiction over Dum Dum and South Dumdum municipal areas.

Under Dumdum PS there are some Police Out Posts named-

Dum Dum is a vast locality with many Postal Index Numbers:

Dum Dum has a delivery sub post office, with Postal Index Number 700028 in the Kolkata North Division of Kolkata district in Calcutta region. Other post offices with the same PIN are Rajabagan, Kamalapur, Kumarpara, Nagerbazar and Ordnance Factory.

Jessore Road has a non-delivery sub post office, with Postal Index Number 700080 in the Kolkata North Division of Kolkata district in Calcutta region. The only other post office with the same PIN is Mall Road.

Italghacha has a delivery sub post office, with Postal Index Number 700079 in the North Presidency Division of North 24 Parganas district in Calcutta region.

There is also 700081 for area Rajbari, Nalta area.

The following Municipalities, Census Towns and other locations in Barrackpore subdivision were part of List of cities in West Bengal by population#Urban agglomeration in the 2011 census: Kanchrapara (M), Jetia (CT), Halisahar (M), Balibhara (CT), Naihati (M), Bhatpara (M), Kaugachhi (CT), Garshyamnagar (CT), Garulia (M), Ichhapur Defence Estate (CT), North Barrackpur (M), Barrackpur Cantonment (CB), Barrackpore (M), Jafarpur (CT), Ruiya (CT), Titagarh (M), Khardaha (M), Bandipur, North 24 Parganas (CT), Panihati (M), Muragachha (CT) New Barrackpore (M), Chandpur, Ghola (CT), Talbandha (CT), Patulia (CT), Kamarhati (M), Baranagar (M), South Dumdum (M), North Dumdum (M), "Dum Dum" (M), Noapara, India (CT), Babanpur (CT), Teghari (CT), Nanna, North 24 Parganas (OG), Chakla (OG), Srotribati (OG) and Panpur (OG).

, The Dum Dum recording studio of "Saregama", a part of the factory with production facilities, was established in 1928. It holds "around 30,000 master tapes of original Indian music recorded by the company since Gauhar Jaan sang Jogiya (raga) in Kolkata and became the first Indian voice to be recorded on shellac disc in 1902." In the studio "text and photographs of artistes from Hindustani and Carnatic classical, Hindi and south Indian playback, devotional and Bengali music, who have recorded with the company, are also exhibited along with a copy of the original agreement that Rabindranath Tagore signed with the company before cutting his first musical record at the Dum Dum studio in 1928." The tapes are in at least 19 major Indian languages. The collection includes speeches of Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhas Chandra Bose. In the world of music the list is too long for elaboration here but it includes the voice of Kazi Nazrul Islam. It is a simple, "You name it and it is there." Saregama of the RP-Sanjiv Goenka Group under the chairmanship of Sanjiv Goenka, were the successors to the Gramaphone Company of India (possibly better known for their His Master’s Voice

HMV logo) was among the first overseas branches of the British record firm, EMI (EMI).

As per the District Census Handbook 2011, Dum Dum municipal city covered an area of 9.23 km². Amongst the civic amenities it had open drains. Amongst the medical facilities It had 13 medicine shops. Amongst the educational facilities it had 31 primary schools, 10 secondary schools, 19 senior secondary schools, 1 degree college for arts/science/commerce and 77 non-formal education centres. Amongst the social, recreational and cultural facilities it had 10 auditorium/ community halls, 11 public libraries and 1 reading room. Amongst the commodities manufactured were rail wagons, gun and shell, and music CD. It had 6 bank branches.

Dum Dum municipality is included in the Kolkata Metropolitan Area for which the Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority is the statutory planning and development authority.

Dum Dum Cantonment and Durganagar railway stations are on the Sealdah-Hasnabad-Bangaon-Ranaghat line.

National Highway 12 (India) (previously NH 34) running from Dalkhola to Bakkhali, locally popular as Jessore Road, passes through Dum Dum.

A large number of Buses ply along Jessore road: 3C/1, 3C/2, 30D, 79B, 91, 91A, 93, 211A, 219, DN8, DN18, S10, Esplanade-Central Jail Mini, Bagbazar-Birohi, R.G.Kar-Barasat, Rajchandrapur-Saltlake white bus etc. The minor road on which bus plies is Gorabazar-Dum Dum Cantonment Road (30D).

There are a plenty of blue-yellow private buses, mini-buses and taxis, as well as a few West Bengal Transport Corporation buses in Dum Dum. Autos are plentiful and can be used for short stretches.Nagerbazar is the hub of autos where there are 4 routes originates viz:

# Nagerbazar - Dum Dum Junction# Nagerbazar - Dum Dum Cantt# Nagerbazar - Airport 1 no. gate# Nagerbazar - Laketown

In addition, there are taxis: Nagerbazar and Dum Dum Airport are the largest taxi stands. The other popular means of travel over short distances is the rickshaw, newly battery operated rickshaws/e-rickshaws (locally called Totos) can also be seen.

The following institutions are located in Dum Dum-,"Sarojini Naidu College for Women" was established at Dum Dum in 1956. It offers honours courses in Bengali, English, Sanskrit, geography, history, philosophy, political science, economics, botany, chemistry, mathematics, philosophy, zoology and anthropology.,"Dum Dum Subhasnagar High School", at Subhasnagar, is a Bengali-medium school, boys only up to Class X and coeducational for the higher secondary classes. It was established in 1954.,"Dum Dum Baidyanath School", at Harimohan Dutta Road, is a girls only Bengali-medium school.,"Dum Dum Girls’ School", at UK Dutta Road, in Ward No. 20 of Dum Dum Municipality, is a girls only Bengali-medium higher secondary school. It has facilities for teaching in Classes VI to XII. It was established in 1951.,"Kendriya Vidyalaya Ordnance Factory" Dum Dum was established in 1986, for the children of employees of the Ordnance Factory Dum Dum, defence personnel and other central government offices. It has arrangements for teaching from Classes I to XII. A co-educational day school, it functions under Kendriya Vidyalaya and prepares students for CBSE examinations through Hindi and English mediums.,"Dum Dum K.L.S. Hindi Vidyalaya", in Ward No. 19, is a Hindi-medium co-educational higher secondary school run by the Department of Education, Government of West Bengal. Established in 1959, it has arrangements for teaching in Classes VI to XII.,"Auxilium Convent School" at Rajbari, Dum Dum, is an English-medium girls only school run by Salesian Sisters. Established in 1960, it prepares students for the ISC and ICSE examinations. Admission eligibility for LKG is 3 years age on 31 March.

Dum Dum Municipal Specialised Hospital at 4 Hari Mohan Dutta Road, Dum Dum Cantonment, has been modernised and updated with the objective of offering treatment on par with the best medical facilities in Kolkata. It has 105 beds. It has experienced doctors (4 doctors are available round-the-clock), qualified nurses, technicians and staff. It specialises in pace-maker implantation, total knee replacement, spinal surgery and has cardiac ambulance facility.

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